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                            <div style="color:gray; word-break: break-all; font-size:12px;">原英文版地址: <a href="https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.7/mapping-store.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.7/mapping-store.html</a>, 原文档版权归 www.elastic.co 所有<br/>本地英文版地址: <a href="../en/mapping-store.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">../en/mapping-store.html</a></div>
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<strong>重要</strong>: 此版本不会发布额外的bug修复或文档更新。最新信息请参考 <a href="https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html" rel="nofollow">当前版本文档</a>。
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<span class="breadcrumb-node"><code class="literal">store</code></span>
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<h2 class="title">
<a id="mapping-store"></a><code class="literal">store</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/mapping/params/store.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h2>
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<p>By default, field values are <a class="xref" href="mapping-index.html" title="index">indexed</a> to make them searchable,
but they are not <em>stored</em>.  This means that the field can be queried, but the
original field value cannot be retrieved.</p>
<p>Usually this doesn’t matter.  The field value is already part of the
<a class="xref" href="mapping-source-field.html" title="_source field"><code class="literal">_source</code> field</a>, which is stored by default. If you
only want to retrieve the value of a single field or of a few fields, instead
of the whole <code class="literal">_source</code>, then this can be achieved with
<a class="xref" href="run-a-search.html#source-filtering" title="Source filtering">source filtering</a>.</p>
<p>In certain situations it can make sense to <code class="literal">store</code> a field.  For instance, if
you have a document with a <code class="literal">title</code>, a <code class="literal">date</code>, and a very large <code class="literal">content</code>
field, you may want to retrieve just the <code class="literal">title</code> and the <code class="literal">date</code> without having
to extract those fields from a large <code class="literal">_source</code> field:</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-console">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-console">PUT my_index
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "title": {
        "type": "text",
        "store": true <a id="CO358-1"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
      },
      "date": {
        "type": "date",
        "store": true <a id="CO358-2"></a><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i>
      },
      "content": {
        "type": "text"
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT my_index/_doc/1
{
  "title":   "Some short title",
  "date":    "2015-01-01",
  "content": "A very long content field..."
}

GET my_index/_search
{
  "stored_fields": [ "title", "date" ] <a id="CO358-3"></a><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i>
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="console_widget" data-snippet="snippets/780.console"></div>
<div class="calloutlist">
<table border="0" summary="Callout list">
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO358-1"><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i></a><a href="#CO358-2"></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>The <code class="literal">title</code> and <code class="literal">date</code> fields are stored.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="top" width="5%">
<p><a href="#CO358-3"><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i></a></p>
</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">
<p>This request will retrieve the values of the <code class="literal">title</code> and <code class="literal">date</code> fields.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="note admon">
<div class="icon"></div>
<div class="admon_content">
<h3>Stored fields returned as arrays</h3>
<p>For consistency, stored fields are always returned as an <em>array</em> because there
is no way of knowing if the original field value was a single value, multiple
values, or an empty array.</p>
<p>If you need the original value, you should retrieve it from the <code class="literal">_source</code>
field instead.</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>Another situation where it can make sense to make a field stored is for those
that don’t appear in the <code class="literal">_source</code> field (such as <a class="xref" href="copy-to.html" title="copy_to"><code class="literal">copy_to</code> fields</a>).</p>
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